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Definitions and Terminology
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firewall
type of security barrier placed between network environments -- consisting of a dedicated device or of a composite of several components and techniques -- through which all traffic from one network environment to another, and vice versa, traverses and only authorized traffic, as defined by the local security policy, is allowed to pass
source: ISO18028-3, 2005
A specialized information system designed to examine incoming and outgoing electronic transmission packets.
source: Champlain, Auditing Information Systems:2003
Hardware and software devices designed to thwart unauthorized connections to or from a computer (or network). Firewalls enforce an organization’s network access policies by examining and evaluating Internet connections as they pass through the firewall.
source: D. Schweitzer, 2003, Incident Response: Computer Forensics Toolkit
Hardware and/or software technology that protects network resources from unauthorized access. A firewall permits or denies computer traffic between networks with different security levels based upon a set of rules and other criteria.
source: PCI DSS, 2008
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